[§232] Overview of the 144,000 on Mount Zion, Great Tribulation and Harvest

Revelation chapter 13 ends with image of the Second Beast and the horrors of the Great Tribulation on earth1 during the last 3½ years before the Second Coming.2 Revelation chapter 14 is a juxtaposed vision of the heavenly scene in the same timeframe.3 Thus, instead of people sealed in the right hand or forehead with the name and number of the Second Beast (666), Revelation 14:1 describes the 144,000 Servants from Revelation 7:4-84 who have been sealed with the name of God in their foreheads at the Second Coming.5

Revelation chapter 14 has three visionary parts.6 Revelation 14:1-5 contains the first part of John's vision of heaven at the time of the Second Coming.7 These verses offer hope to righteous people that will live during the Great Tribulation‒which is the last 3½ years before the Second Coming‒and the final Abomination of Desolation that will occur during the last 3½ days before the Second Coming.8

In Revelation 14:6-20, seven angels announce seven conditions that will exist and events that will occur during the Great Tribulation9 just before the seven Vial Plagues of the Third Woe begin.10 As a subset of these verses, the first three angels in Revelation 14:6-13 make proclamations about three preparatory events that will usher in the Second Coming, as follows:

First Angel: The first angel in Revelation 14:6-7 proclaims that the everlasting gospel has gone forth to all nations of the earth as a voice of warning in preparation for the Second Coming.11

Second Angel: The second angel in Revelation 14:8 proclaims the spiritual fall of Modern Babylon, which will occur during the future gathering of saints at Adam-ondi-Ahman. This gathering will occur at the midpoint of Armageddon, 3½ years before the Second Coming.12

Third Angel: The third angel in Revelation 14:9-11 proclaims or announces God's wrath at the end of the Great Tribulation. This will come just before the Vial Plagues of the Third Woe are poured out on the remnant of wicked telestial people that survive Armageddon during the Second Woe.13

In Revelation 14:12, John praises and consoles the righteous saints that will live during the Great Tribulation.14 In Revelation 14:13 he consoles the righteous saints that will die as martyrs during the Great Tribulation.15 This consolation is the second part of John's integrated vision in Revelation chapter 14.

Revelation 14:14-20 contains the third visionary part of John's three-part vision. These verses describe the activities of the last four of seven angels in Revelation chapter 14. The last four angels are Harvest Angels. Their activities occur at the end of the Second Woe and before the Third Woe comes quickly as described by John in Revelation 11:14. In this timeframe, these Harvest Angels will literally complete the final harvest of exaltation-worthy saints on the one hand and the harvest of mortal sons of perdition on the other hand. This harvest will take place according to the pattern given by Christ in the parable of the wheat and the tares in Matthew 13.16

Fourth Angel: Revelation 14:14 identifies the First Harvest Angel‒which is the fourth of seven angels‒as one like unto the Son of Man, which is Jesus Christ.17 This First Harvest Angel is poised with a sharp sickle to gather the fully ripe wheat representing exaltation-worthy saints immediately before the Third Woe of the Seventh Seal begins in Revelation chapter 15.18 This harvest of the righteous occurs as the morning of the first resurrection resumes with the resurrection of the Two Witnesses in Revelation 11:11-12.19

Fifth Angel: In Revelation 14:15-16, the Second Harvest Angel‒which is the fifth of seven angels‒represents God the Father. He directs Jesus Christ to gather the first fruits of the righteous wheat during the morning of the first resurrection. The wheat in this context represents all exaltation-worthy saints as of the Second Coming.20 Once the first fruits have been gathered to the barn for safekeeping, the harvest of the wicked tares can proceed.

Sixth Angel: In Revelation 14:17, the Third Harvest Angel‒which is the sixth of seven angels‒is also Jesus Christ, who is poised with his sharp sickle to reap and destroy the wicked tares of the earth. These are all the mortal sons of perdition then living, who are like fully ripened grapes that Christ will tread in the winepress of God's almighty wrath as the Second Woe comes to an end in Revelation 11:14.21

Seventh Angel: In Revelation 14:18-20, the Fourth Harvest Angel‒which is the seventh of seven angels‒is God the Father again. In these verses, the Father directs Christ to destroy the mortal sons of perdition (tares) in a massive slaughter at the end of the Second Woe.22 Their dead bodies will then be burned during the Third Woe23 with all other telestial-worthy survivors from the Second Woe.24

The harvest and massive slaughter at the end of the Second Woe in Revelation chapter 14 completes John's flashback that began in Revelation chapter 12 with a vision of the premortal existence.25 That flashback began after John ended his account of the Second Woe in Revelation 11:14,26 followed by his brief introduction of the Third Woe in Revelation 11:15-19.27 After John completes his three-chapter flashback in Revelation chapters 12 to 14, Revelation chapter 15 picks up exactly where John left off at the end of chapter 11. Thus, in Revelation chapter 15, John re-introduces and begins to provide details about the events of the Third Woe, including the seven Vial Plagues.28 He then spends the next three chapters (Revelation 16 to 19) describing the catastrophic events of the Third Woe, even though the Third Woe will be of very short duration.29

The following summary sets forth the chronological sequence of John's visions from the end the Second Woe to the end of the Third Woe, including the three flashback chapters:

Revelation 11:14: The Second Woe of Physical Armageddon ends.

Revelation 11:15-19: John introduces the Third Woe without any details.

Revelation 12-14: Flashback chapters: From the grand council to the Second Coming.

Revelation 15: The third Woe begins where Revelation 11:19 left off.

Revelation 16-19: Details of the Third Woe, including the Second Coming.

Revelation 20:1-3: The Second Coming ends when Satan is bound for the millennium.


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[§232] Overview of the 144,000 on Mount Zion, Great Tribulation and Harvest